Stem cells are made by the body’s bone marrow and are able to differentiate into several different cell types. They are a veritable “blank slate”. They can replicate into more unspecialized stem cells, or they may react to the environment in which they are placed by receiving signals from that environment telling them which differentiation “pathway” to go down.

This may be to turn into a skin cell or muscle, cartilage, tendon, bone, red blood cell and many others. By ramping up production of the cells needed to stimulate repair, having extra supply in the area can provide the difference between an inadequate result and one that regenerates perfectly.

There are two basic types of stem cells. The first is known as unlimited stem cells (also known asembryonic stem cells). These can turn into any kind of cell, while the second type is termed limited stem cells (also known as adult stem cells).

With unlimited stem cells, the cells have the potential to become any type of human cell. They can be replicated outside the human body and have applications for many diseases in humans.

Limited stem cells, on the other hand, do not have the same limitless diffferentiation potential and cannot be replicated outside the body. They need to be either frozen or immediately transplanted into the body.

Of note, R3 stem cell clinics do not work with embryonic stem cells, only adult stem cells. There are about ten different kinds of adult stem cells. At R3 Stem Cell Clinics, two separate kinds are utilized:

1. Hematopoietic Stem Cells – these are found in human bone marrow and are able to differentiate into most cell types.
2. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC’s) – MSCs have been isolated from placenta, adipose tissue, lung, bone marrow and blood. They are able to differentiate into many different cell types while also assisting with the human immune response

The various treatment procedures being used are:

1. Platelet Rich Plasma Therapy
2. Amniotic Based Stem Cell Rich Injections
3. Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Injections
4. Fat Derived Stem Cell Injections

Medical Conditions that may benefit from regenerative medicine procedures include:

1. Joint Arthritis
2. Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)
3. Medial Epicondylitis (Golfer’s Elbow)
4. Rotator Cuff Tendonitis
5. Ligament Sprains
6. Fractures
7. Tendon injuries
8. Cartilage defects
9. COPD
10. Kidney Failure
11. Stroke
12. MS, ALS
13. Dementia
14. Erectile Dysfunction
15. Heart Failure
16. Diabetes
17. Diabetic Neuropathy

The doctors offering stem cell injection procedures come from numerous specialties, including sports medicine, orthopaedic surgery and pain management.